invention
The concept of zero as a number, essential to modern mathematics, was formalized by Indian mathematicians, notably Brahmagupta in the 7th century CE.
India
Republic of India
Population, GDP, and key facts about India — updated for 2026.
Capital · NEW DELHIContinent · ASIAISO · IND
India quick facts
- Population
- 1,450,935,791
- Area
- 3,287,260 km²
- Population density
- 484 people/km²
- GDP
- US$ 3.8 Trillion
- GDP per capita
- US$ 2.6K
- Capital
- New Delhi
- Currency
- Indian rupee (₹, INR)
- Minimum wage
- US$ 55.3/month · ₹ 4,628/month (2024)
- Languages
- English, Hindi, Tamil
India at human scale
Where does India rank in the world?
Compare India with other countries
🇮🇳 vs 🇵🇰Compare India vs Pakistan5.8× difference in population🇮🇳 vs 🇮🇷Compare India vs Iran, Islamic Rep.16× difference in population🇮🇳 vs 🇨🇳Compare India vs China
Compare India with any country →India's war history
- Government of IndiavsKashmir insurgents
- Government of IndiavsSikh insurgents
- Government of ChinavsGovernment of India
- Government of HyderabadvsGovernment of India
- Government of IndiavsCPI
- Government of IndiavsGovernment of Pakistan
IntrastateInterstate
Wars that reached at least 1,000 battle-related deaths in a year, since 1946 — not a full record of every armed conflict India has had. Source: UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset.
See every war since 1946 on the War Timeline →India's energy mix
Fossil fuels · 73%Nuclear · 3%Renewables · 24%
- Coal71%
- Solar9%
- Hydropower9%
- Wind5%
- Nuclear3%
- Natural gas2%
- Bioenergy1%
- Oil0%
Share of India's own electricity generation by source, 2025. Source: Our World in Data (Ember Yearly Electricity Data and the Energy Institute Statistical Review of World Energy).
Everything we know about India
geography
India shares land borders with six countries and is home to Mawsynram, one of the wettest places on Earth, which receives over 11,000 mm of rain a year.
Countries near India
How many countries do you think India could fit?
Pour other countries into India's own outline, by real area, and see how many it takes to fill it up.
Fill the Country →Frequently asked questions about India
What is the capital of India?
The capital of India is New Delhi.
What is India's population?
India has a population of 1,450,935,791.
What is India's GDP per capita?
India's GDP per capita is US$ 2.6K.
What is the currency of India?
The currency of India is the Indian rupee (INR).
What is the minimum wage in India?
India's statutory minimum wage is about US$ 55.3 per month (as of 2024) — ₹ 4,628 per month in local currency.
Is India bigger than Pakistan?
India is about 4.1× the size of Pakistan by land area.
Think you can guess India from its silhouette?
India is one of the countries in our daily silhouette-guessing game.
Play Guess the Country →Data from the World Bank, updated November 2026.